DB 4 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

DB 4 - Research Paper Example Additionally, much of the time, the cutting edge supervisors of the association were surpassing the endorsed work financial plans on a regular premise as they were confronting huge issues in estimating the degree of profitability of the representatives. The organization was likewise confronting issues in information trustworthiness as there was a lack of digitization of information reports at different degrees of the association. To manage the different disparities tormenting the association, Con-way Inc concentrated on actualizing the Kronos Workforce Central arrangement suite. The primary destinations behind the execution of the association explicit arrangement suite was to annihilate errors in representative installment just as to prepare the supervisors of the association with better perceivability and command over significant work measurements that are basic to oversee offices and expenses of work. It is critical to feature that after the execution of the arrangement suite all t hrough the association, the administration picked up control in different key measurements like additional time, representative participation just as profitability and in this manner turned out to be exceptionally viable in directing new strategies all through the association (kronos.com, 2014). The contextual investigation of need usage of IT in the American auxiliary of Volkswagen acquired to center that there can be three unique sorts of innovative applications that can be intended for an association. The three sorts of association specifically based undertaking IT stage, endeavor applications and modified point arrangements were organized based on the necessities that they satisfy in a specific association (Austin, Ritchie and Gargett, 2007). Presently in relating the Con-path case of usage of the organization explicit arrangement suite, it must be expressed that the need was given in the advancement of big business applications, the principle focal point of which was to destroy blunders and lift hierarchical profitability. It

Peculiarities of Movies' Promotion as Intangible Products Assignment

Quirks of Movies' Promotion as Intangible Products - Assignment Example Motion pictures are considered immaterial or experiential in light of the fact that they offer both to the faculties and the feelings. Motion pictures, dissimilar to unmistakable items, for example, toothpaste, have experiential traits like â€Å"the unique movie’s storyline, its type, and paramount scenes. These characteristics are normally included in film trailers and TV promotions; subsequently, they ought to be generally simple to review. Rather than physical merchandise, we recommend that experiential traits, for example, the storyline and class will in general satisfy with the end goal that purchasers want to encounter something else in the continuation; henceforth, difference is liked to similarity†  (Sanjay Sood). There are three investigations finished in the exploration article to analyze four speculations. On the off chance that you were arranging the showcasing methodology of a spin-off, which speculation would be the most fascinating to you? Which study? Why? The most fascinating truth for somebody arranging a promoting methodology is Hypothesis 2: There will be a cooperation between naming system and request of introduction in spin-off assessments. Numbered expansions will be appraised all the more well when the title is introduced after the portrayal that when the title is introduced before the depiction. There will be no critical distinction in spin-off assessments when a naming methodology is utilized. This theory is profoundly affirmed by Study 2. The investigation has the accompanying discoveries: The example of cooperations between introduction request and naming procedure proposes that numbered-continuation assessments included a more prominent level of absorption, showing a more noteworthy dependence on the first film as a reason for assessments. At the point when the numbered title was appeared after the continuation depiction, respondents took more time to assess the spin-offs, they reviewed increasingly about the spin-offs, and they assessed the numbered spin-offs all the more well. Then again, Consistent with an all the more piecemeal handling system, named spin-offs took more time to assess, and review of spin-off data was higher comparative with a numbered continuation  (Sanjay Sood).

The (Comprehensive) Couples Guide To Budgeting

The (Comprehensive) Couples Guide To Budgeting The (Comprehensive) Couples Guide To Budgeting The (Comprehensive) Couples Guide To BudgetingIt takes two to tangoâ€"and itll take both you and your partner communicating with each other to create (and stick to) a workable joint budget.Sorry singles, but this guide isn’t for you. That being said, you’re free to read it anyway. While being part of a couple may be less lonely, it also comes with its own set of unique of challenges, especially in the financial realm.There are many factors that might lead to arguments between couples, but money is one of the most frequent culprits. (For instance, if your partner is constantly resorting to bad credit loans like payday loans, cash advances, and no credit check loans to make ends meet thats potentially a problem.) This is why we spoke to the experts and compiled a guide just for you and your significant other. Or significant others, we don’t judge.Contrary to the opening sentence, there might even be tips the singletons can use! But we can only guarantee that all of these tips ar e applicable to two-person relationship units. Its all the warranty allows. OK, let’s get to it! Communication is key.The first thing to remember when it comes to budgeting as a couple is to maintain open communication. After all, if you’re not communicating, then you aren’t actually budgeting AS a couple.“People come into a relationship with different money habits and ideas,” Julia Carlson, founder of Financial Freedom Wealth Management Group (@FinancialFWMG) and author of Fit Money, told us. “We all spend, save, and deal with money in different ways. These differences can cause real friction in a relationship. If you dont want this friction to break your relationship apart, its important to talk to your partner about money.Make a money date.“One great way to make sure you are communicating about your budget is to have a monthly financial date, says Carlson. Within a couple, there is usually one person who is more inclined to deal with the money. This is fine, you eac h should be using your strengths, just be sure that both people give their input. And remember, this is the perfect opportunity to have spirited financial discussions where you can deal with concerns before they turn into arguments.”Take feelings into account.And you should never forget to take each other’s feelings into account.“Talking about financial issues is one of the major stressors that faces many couples,” advised Raffi Bilek, couples counselor and director of the Baltimore Therapy Center (@ThingsCanBeDiff). “When attempting to do so it is critical to be aware of the feelings that such a discussion raises in you but not to let those feelings control the discussion.Experiencing fear or insecurity about the future is normal; sharing this with your partner can help them understand where you are coming from and what your needs are. However, if you dont identify and express what is going on for you, it can seriously derail the discussion as your feelings leak out and a ffect how you deal with the financial situation at hand.If you find that you and your partner are not able to have a calm and productive discussion about finances, it can be helpful to get in front of a third party such as a financial counselor or a couples counselor who can help bring some objectivity to the discussion and help you work through it.”Set goals for each conversation.Brad Ruttenberg, co-creator of The Money Twins (@themoneytwins), offered his own set of things not to do when it comes to your couple-based budgeting: “Dont go into a joint budget without first discussing what it is youre both trying to accomplish. Budgeting for the sake of budgeting is very difficult. Your goals (and joint goals) are what will keep you motivated.“Dont forget that its a two-way street. Your personal goals are no more important than their personal goals. Support your spouse/partner just like you want them to support you.Keep talking.“Dont ever stop communicating, said Ruttenberg. Wh en this stops, the budget stops. Track the expenses together. When only one of the two is ‘keeping the budget’ on track, it can go south, quick. Nobody wants to be told how much and what they can spend money on. Youre not their father or mother, you’re a partner.”Set some rulesâ€"then follow them.Communication is essential. But at some point, you’ll have to start putting that communication into action.Try multiple accounts.“One strategy is to have three different checking accounts; ‘mine,’ ‘yours,’ and ‘ours,’” suggested Derek Hagen, founder of Hagen Financial.  â€œThe amounts that go into each account will have to be discussed but once that is done, neither person has to ask permission to spend the money in his or her own account.Focus on big purchases.“Another version, said Hagen, is to set up a dollar amount under which nobody owes any accountability for it. For example, if you set $100 as the number, both people can buy whatever they want under this a mount. Purchases over $100 will have to be discussed as a couple.“These two strategies will help keep financial infidelityâ€"keeping money secrets from each other â€"out of your relationship.”Everyone gets a vote.Kalen Omo, of Omo Financial Coaching, offered another ruleset: “Everyone gets a say on the final budget for the month. In most marriages, there is a numbers person and a feelings person. Regardless of which one you are, you get an equal vote. No one person can override the other and an at the end of the meeting, an agreement must be made on how every dollar will be directed towards a goal.Stick to the plan.“Stick to the agreed-to budget, said Omo. Once you agree to it, you stick to it. If needed, put a signature area at the bottom and have both of you sign it if thats what it takes. Now things will come up where you will need to re-evaluate the budget. Thats ok, as long as you both agree to review it and make necessary changes to ensure you agree to the update.”Mo ving in together.Moving in together with your significant other is a big decision, but it can be a major money saver. That being said, it comes with its own issues that you’ll need to work through as a couple.Most of the advice that applies to generally budgeting as a couple will also apply to how you should budget when living together.Dont hide what you makeâ€"or spend.“Before making decisions regarding finances, first, you need to have an honest discussion,” advised Amanda Raimondi, relationship expert and writer for Grapevine (@grapevine_gossip).“Talking about money is very personal, which makes it a difficult conversation. But now that youre living together, this has to happen. You need to be clear about how much you make each month after taxes. Once you have a number in mind, then you can split up the cost of groceries, bills, and other expenses.”And that honesty will have to go beyond just raw numbers.Talk about your future.“Moving in with a partner primarily for f inancial reasons can be emotionally risky,” warned marriage and family therapist Jill Whitney. “Although you may save money by sharing expenses, you also want to be honest with yourself and each other about your goals and expectations for the relationship.Are you moving in together mostly because its economical or convenient? Or because you think youll be together for the long run and living together is the next stage of your relationship?“Your plans for the future affect your budgeting. If youre pretty sure youll be together for many years, it makes sense to save together for that great couch or carpet. If youre not as sure, you might be better off each paying for some items individually, so theres less to argue about if you end up going separate ways. You can always increase your joint saving if the relationship becomes more committed.”Figure out the bills.“Some great things to discuss,” according to empowerment coach Joyce Blue (@EmpoweringYouLEC), are:“Will we have a joint account and each contribute everything to it? Will we split the bills and each of us pay different bills from our own separate accounts? Will we open a new joint account and each contribute our half of all the bills to the account and pay our bills out of that account, but keep our ‘extra’ money separate?”Take the time to sort out your multiple accounts.  Whitney gave us her take on the account dilemma:“I generally recommend that all couples, whether long married or newly living together, have His, Hers, and Ours accounts. The Ours account covers some or all of the general household expenses. Couples need to talk about whats included in Ours: just the rent or mortgage? Some or all of the utilities? Pet care and vet bills?What about subscriptions and services that benefit both people, but one person more than the other? Theres lots to negotiate. Allow plenty of time to talk it through, over the course of days or weeks, so both people can mentally try on what a given arrangement would look and feel like. Try to strike a balance between fairness and generosity.Give yourself some individual financial freedom.“The individual accounts give each person money they can control, for things like gifts, clothes, and small indulgences, said Whitney. I suggest that the individual money can be used for any purpose whatsoever, as long as it doesnt damage the relationship. (So partners can buy all the shoes or golf clubs or whatever they want, without complaint from the significant other.)The amount in the individual accounts might be as small as $20 or as large as many thousands a month, depending on overall resources. In couples who are less committed, the amount each person has to spend may depend on their individual income.But in long, committed partnerships, each person should get the same amount, to reflect that both are equal partners regardless of relative earnings.”Different bills require different splits.Cal Cook, the consumer finance investigat or at ConsumerSafety.org (@ConsumerSafetyO), offered some additional thoughts to take into account:“Rent budget should be based on a percentage of salary. Its unfair if one partner makes significantly more to have them paying 5% of their salary while the other is paying 35%. Find the percentage between the two salaries that adds up to the total rent amount.“Make your discretionary spending budget split right down the middle. Unlike rent, this spending isnt necessary, so it can put a  strain on a relationship when one partner is spending much more on this category than the other.“Each partner should spend fully out of pocket for the furniture they want. Usually, furniture is an incredibly individual choice in terms of aesthetic. If one partner really wants a couch but the other doesnt, its only fair that they pay for it fully.”Family stuff: then and now.Your family situations will also have a big impact on the kinds of conversations you’ll have to have when it comes to movi ng in together.You learned about money from your parents.  â€œThe family you grew up in shapes an amazing amount of your prejudices, unconscious behavior, values and reactions regarding money,” explained Tina B. Tessina (@tinatessina), PhD, psychotherapist and author of How to Be Happy Partners: Working It Out Together.“Discuss each of your family attitudes regarding money. Does someone’s family resent rich people, or think being poor indicates a character flaw? Did one family use money as a reward?  Were they extravagant with gifts? Did they emphasize saving? It’s important to know if you have vastly different backgrounds regarding money.”What are your familial obligations?But it’s not just how your past with your family shaped the present. It’s also important to consider what your current family realities are, as Dr. Tessina also outlined to us in a series of questions that should be answered before moving in:“If there are children from another marriage, that can strongly affect your joint finances. Is there child support to pay? What about travel, medical, school and other expenses for those children? Will you have to have a bigger home to accommodate visits from the children?The kid (or pet) conversation.“Even though it may be a few years down the road, this is the time to consider whether both of you want children. They are a major investment, and you need to know how you feel about public or private education, college, medical insurance, clothes, toys,  and electronics for the kids, and other child-related expenses.Pets can be almost as big a deal as kids. If you have or want pets, talk about costs such as vet bills for annual shots, license fees, and what happens if the animal gets really sick.Consider your financial boundaries with family.“If one or both of your families are far away, visiting (or hosting them) will cost money, said Tessina. What expenses other than travel will you encounter to stay in touch with family? Also, how do you feel about family financial help? Would you take help buying a house or with medical expenses if they offered? Would there be strings attached? What if someone’s family member needs financial help?”Our experts have probably left you with a bunch of questions to answer while deciding how you’re going to handle the “moving in” situation. Take a break if you need it, and then we’re moving on to the wedding section!How to budget your wedding.Marriage isn’t for everyone. Many people maintain happy, healthy, long-term relationships without ever considering marriage. But there are financial benefits to marriage, and it’s still considered the ultimate outcome for tons of romantic relationships. Even so, you may be inclined to just get an easy courthouse marriage and call it a day.But if you want anything bigger than that, you and your partner are going to have to some budget talks. And, as is our way, we’ve spoken to some experts to give you a sense of how to have t hose talks.Talk must haves.“When putting together your budget, the very best thing you can do is to prioritize your three ‘must haves’ with your partner,” advised Joan Wyndrum, Vice President of Blooms by the Box (@bloomsbythebox).“As soon as you start researching online, youre going to find countless ways to allocate your budget but at the end of the day, your top line items should be what matters most to you.Dont pay for what you can do yourself.“Now more than ever, with so many resources and tutorials online, you can consider DIY projects for your Big Day, said Wyndrum. This is especially the case if your engagement is at least nine-to-12 months out as youll have plenty of time to map out your projects and allocate time to them.With this route, you can save big on decor, florals, favors,  and stationery (among other things!). By getting organized early in the process, you cannot only spread out the projects, but you can count the savings into your budget early on.Avoi d overspending on flowers.Wyndrum offers this floral-specific advice:“The average wedding runs over $30,000 and almost 10% of that budget goes to flowers. But you can slash costs by DIY-ing your florals. Consider purchasing them online and then having your bridesmaids help you the day before the wedding to arrange them.“Some of the most popular flowers like peonies and garden roses can have a hefty price tag, but that doesnt mean you cant use them. If they are must-have blooms for your Big Day, just cut down on the amount of them you will use. Consider single bud vases to place on your reception tables, or for a bouquet, use just a few to start and then fill with less expensive greenery.”Start simple and build out from there.Janessa White, co-founder of Simply Eloped, also suggested starting out with just what’s absolutely vital: “Couples need to remember that in order to get married, all they really need is a marriage license and an officiant. Thats it! They can secure bo th of these things for a few hundred dollars.I suggest you start budgeting by choosing their essential items and then adding on additional services from there. While doing so, only add services that are truly essential to your weddings vision.“Many couples do the exact opposite start with a long list of traditional services they think they need. This mentality just ends up adding lots of expense. So, start with the essentials and build up from that point!”Stick. To. Your. Wedding. Budget.  Once you know what your wedding needs and wedding wants are, it’s time to get down to budget brass tacks.“Make sure you agree on the budget and stick with it!” required Jessica Chen, an editor and wedding expert for WeddingDresses.com (@WDdresses). “After youve figured out where to lavish your funds, you and your partner need to decide what ballpark your overall budget is.Once youve settled on a reasonable number, you and your partner must stick to it faithfully, even if you find that perfect dress and its totally out of your price range! Firmly establishing your budget shows your partner that you respect his/her wishes and proves your integrity, which will only make your relationship stronger.Checklists are a brides (and grooms) best friend.“Keep a checklist: Using a wedding budget checklist is a great way to keep things transparent and help the couple stay on top of their wedding finances. As soon as you spend any of your funds, log it into the sheet and now both of you know where the money is going and how much you have left to spend on your wedding deal breakers.Not only is this excellent practice for balancing a budget when youre married, its a great way to keep your expenditures in perspective and avoid any spending surprises.”Stay tuned for The Marital Guide to Budgeting.As the rhyme goes, first comes love, then comes marriage, then comes … a topic for a future guide. If you thought budgeting with your significant partner was fun, wait till you and your spouse are co-signing mortgage, installment loans, and all sorts of personal loans together. Thats when things really get fun.  In the meantime, this advice will hopefully help ease the budgeting process for you and your significant other.To learn more about doing everyday activities and holidays on a budget,  check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:4 Simple Ways to Save Money on Your Grocery Billâ€"While Still Eating Healthy!7 Cheap Halloween Costume IdeasHoliday Shopping on a Budget4 Tips for Managing Your Mental Health Care on a BudgetHow do you and your partner handle your finances? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsRaffi Bilek is a couple’s counselor and director of the  Baltimore Therapy Center (@ThingsCanBeDiff).Money relationship expert and self-empowerment coach, Joyce Blue  is a certified Rapid Results coach. Joyce is passionate about empowering others to master their relationship with money, so all o f their relationships thrive, they step into their power and fall in love with their lives. Contact Joyce at joyce@joyceblue.com or on Facebook and Instagram  @EmpoweringYouLEC.Jessica Chen is a wedding enthusiast, writer, and editor at  WeddingDresses.com (@WDdresses). A romantic at heart, she enjoys binge-watching The Mindy Project when she’s not pouring over fun ideas that she can use for her own wedding someday.Cal Cook is the Consumer Finance Investigator at  ConsumerSafety.org (@ConsumerSafetyO). His passion for digital technology, scams, and identity theft drive his research.Julia M. Carlson is the founder of Financial Freedom Wealth Management Group, LLC (@FinancialFWMG).  She has been practicing financial planning for more than 20 years and specializes in helping people who are either retired or close to retirement. Julia is recognized as being especially knowledgeable on topics relating to tax strategies for retirement and distribution planning.  The Business Enterpris e Institute (BEI) recognizes her qualifications to provide comprehensive exit planning services to business owners.Derek Hagen  is the founder of  Hagen Financial, LLC, a financial coaching and counseling firm that helps clients develop a healthy relationship with money and find the motivation to change their behavior. He is the founder of the Money Health blog which  helps readers increase their financial health. Derek holds the Certified Financial Planner and Chartered Financial Analyst designations. In his free time, he enjoys all things outdoors, especially camping, hiking, and running.Kalen Omo is the founder and owner of  Omo Financial Coaching. Kalen has been in the world of personal finance since 2010 and has earned the title of Ramsey Solutions Master Financial Coach in 2017, after completing training with Ramsey Solutions, the company owned by National Best Selling Author and Financial Expert, Dave Ramsey. Kalen works with people’s personal finance issues and pain points ranging from budgeting to dealing with debt collectors to bankruptcy to estate planning to retirement. In his spare time, he enjoys spending time with his family, playing music, and is an avid musician.Amanda Raimondi is a relationship expert and writer forGrapevine (@grapevine_gossip). She loves writing about all things relating to lifestyle, fashion, and relationships. When she’s not writing, you can spot her at a nearby beach.Brad Ruttenberg, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER and Co-Creator ofThe Money Twins (@themoneytwins). Brad, and his brother Matt, help to simplify your money through their 10 Steps to Financial Strength.Tina B. Tessina (@tinatessina), PhD, (aka Dr. Romance) is a psychotherapist and author ofHow to Be Happy Partners: Working It Out Together.Janessa White is co-founder of  Simply Eloped, a company thats produced over 1,000 destination elopements in New York City, New Orleans, Hawaii, Colorado, Idaho, Asheville, Gatlinburg, and San Diego.Jill Whitney is a licensed marriage and family therapist based in Connecticut. She does therapy with couples and individuals and writes about relationships, parenting, and sexuality at KeepTheTalkGoing.com.Joan Wyndrum is the Vice President of  Blooms by the Box (@bloomsbythebox), an online wholesaler for premium-quality flowers, floral design supplies, and accessories.  They are a popular favorite for couples to purchase flowers to DIY themselves.

Inculcation Of Lower Level Military Diplomacy International - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2187 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Research paper Topics: Military Essay Did you like this example? Foreign policy is the system of activities evolved by communities and nations for changing the behaviour of other states and for adjusting their own activities to the international environment. The foremost task of foreign policy analysis must be to throw light on the ways in which states attempt to change, and succeed in changing the behaviour of other states. George Modelski INTRODUCTION 1. Perception Management is the art of shaping up the public opinion of a target audience in coherence with the overall national, political and military objectives as defined by a nation states policy on international relations. Public Diplomacy is a major component of the Perception Management strategy besides Public Information, Information Operations and Psychological Operations, the last being the only defined tool in the realms of diplomacy in the military domain. In the post cold war world the role of diplomacy has visibly changed and expanded in the face of far more unstable international conditions. This is partly because of the emergence of complex relationships between a large number of power centres, including nation states, states run by military forces, United Nations Organisation, Non Governmental Organisations as well as non-state actors. These developments are adding to the machinery of diplomacy and modifying the established character of diplomacy in significant wa ys. The scope of diplomatic practice has grown to adapt to the changing needs of changing international environments. It is evident in the contemporary world order that the diplomatic techniques have altererd in response to new needs and it is of paramount importance that India too, as an aspirant world power, restructures its Perception Management campaign by adapting to the contemporary needs of the changing environments in the international relations. While Military Diplomacy is a new dimension to a nations diplomatic efforts, India is still lacking in using this critical tool of state-craft in pursuance of its overall national objectives. METHODOLOGY STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 2. It is felt that Military Diplomacy in Indian context is being exercised with shallow understanding of the subject and its implementation by Indian higher echelons is a stand-alone effort without judiciously utilising all the resources available within the Indian military system. This study seeks to highlight the missing link in the overall scheme of Indian Military Diplomacy, that there is a need to inculcate an understanding at the joint services level to appreciate the growing importance of military diplomacy at the lower levels in armed forces across the world, and tap vast potential available in the Indian system that is presently being under-utilised. HYPOTHESIS 3. A top-down approach in implementing military diplomacy can not in itself achieve the larger aim of an effective and credible national military diplomatic effort. Higher level military diplomacy needs to be complemented at lower levels also to include lower echelons of military ambassadors to achieve the desired national objectives. JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY 4. After the two World Wars, the wars of Iraq-Iran, the Vietnam War and the Arab Israel wars, there was a lull at the international stage for some years and only the cold war ensued. The end of cold war brought some limited wars into focus li ke Chechnya conflict, Georgian war, Kargil war, Ethiopia-Eritrea conflict, Invasion of Kuwait and Global War on Terror (GWOT). With these military and semi-military confrontations, the military aspects of diplomacy are gaining significance. International powers like the USA, France, UK, Germany and Australia have embarked on using military as an indispensible tool in the overall perception management operations by specialising cadres in the military ranks to perform the said role. China and Pakistan have also been noticeably leveraging their national policies with a well structured Defense Diplomacy campaign. Though India is also on board the initiative, however, present understanding of Indian Military Diplomacy and its implementation is only broad based and not total without effectively employing and integrating the potential available at lower echelons of military hierarchy also. 5. Immediate Relevance of the Problem. It is felt that a large pool of human resource within the t hree services in the Indian defense forces presently goes untapped towards contributing in the overall implementation of military diplomacy in the contemporary scenario. There is a felt need to focus on the issue, research on any existing policy guidelines or mechanism to unify the overall effort in this direction to include selection criteria and training of military diplomats, and arrive at recommendations by way of creating a structure and mechanism in our organisation so as to optimally channelise the available potential within the defense forces towards a planned and well defined perception management campaign at the national level. 6. Essence of The Subject. (a) State craft is no longer the privilege of only politicians and bureaucrats. In the contemporary geo-strategic environment, it is equally relevant to all Official State Ambassadors, irrespective of their level. The sphere of influence of a lower echelon military ambassador would be limited in scope, but is more in formal and would in effect be more intense and specific to a particular community. (b) Deployment of large military human resource abroad on official assignments with no defined military aim is a futile exercise and wastage of a potent tool of practicing state craft. Realistic thinking indicates that à ¢ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ÃƒÆ'†¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Friendships cannot be thrust upon or pushed down, but friends can push-up betterment of overall relations. In the prevalent global order marred with numerous and frequent military confrontations amongst states and equally among states and non-state actors, military diplomacy is one tool that can assist in achieving a higher degree of understanding amongst the affected sides and preclude or limit military stand-offs. (c) Manoeuvring the minds of the adversaries is a known form of military conduct. However, in the new world order, it is the art of influencing and shaping the perceptions of the neutral world community as well that would fall in the realms of manoeuvristic ethos of the militaries. As an aspirant global power and permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, it is imperative that India puts its best foot forward in shaping the world opinion in its favour in all perspectives. Military per se, is a far reaching and most effective tool in conduct of such a Perception Shaping Campaign by the virtue of its multifarious engagement capability of the international community at all levels of hierarchy. SCOPE 7. This study concentrates on highlighting the incomplete implementation of military diplomacy in the Indian context with a view to bring out recommendations to ameliorate the overall structure, process and mechanism to unify the approach towards achieving the desired national and military objectives. METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION 8. The subject in reference is understood to have not been addressed by many renowned writers or defense analysts in any dedicated books. The process of collection of data would hence be more inclined towards non-documentary sources to include views of individuals with expertise or experience on the subject and institutional / organisational feedbacks. 9. Notwithstanding the above stated limitations, the subject research would encompass the following. (a) Books on Indian Foreign Policy and Diplomacy of India. (b) Reference from Indian Military / Army Doctrine (unclassified portion only). (c) Articles on the subject on internet. (d) Interaction with civilian / defense experts on the subject. (e) Interaction with individuals with experiences in relation with the study. (f) Feedbacks from Governmental offices / organisations and military branches / directorates (open sources only). (g) Perspectives of foreign student officers attending DSSC 66 course. (h) Defense magazines / journals. 10. Research Cycle. The following issues will be considered during the research and appropriately streamlined t o prove / disprove the proposed hypothesis. (a) Changing geo-strategic scenario and Indias increasing role in the world order. (b) Role of Indian Military to support National aims / objectives, or exert the will of the nation. (c) What is being achieved and what are the shortcomings of present Military involvement in overall national defense diplomacy design. (d) Higher echelons / political leaders influence the public opinion of their peoples, however it is by a feed and eat approach. The populace does not form its own opinions to the extent of influencing the outcome of a nations attitude towards a subject country, in this case, India. (e) As India looks into the future into next two decades or so, she sees a glimpse of a potential geo-strategic power poised to shaping up the world opinion. To do so, the efforts to channelize world opinion in our favour must be oriented towards an all encompassing approach to include a top-down, a bottom-up as also a lateral engagem ent of the worlds diaspora. (f) Military continues to be pivotal in formulating national responses in the foreseeable future, and hence it becomes even more important to plan and execute shaping up the military opinion the world over in our favour right from now on. (g) It is natural that the Captains of today will be the Generals of tomorrow. A favourable opinion towards India built in today, will pay rich dividends when it would matter the most in the times to come. (h) Role of Indian Armed Forces interactions with the international Military components in various forums as follows:- (i) UN Missions (as Military Observers (MILOBs), Staff Officers (SOs), Military Contingents and on civilian staff vacancies.) (ii) Foreign training exchange programs to include Military Training Teams and Military courses. (iii) Deputations as Military or Defense Attaches (MAs / DAs). (iv) Multinational / Bilateral Military Exercises. (v) Training Visits or observer exchange pr ograms to / from friendly foreign countries. (vi) Equipment trials during new military hardware acquisitions. (vii) Joint participation in humanitarian assistance missions like Tsunami relief. (viii) Multi-national operations like anti-piracy operations. (ix) World Military Games meets. (x) Strategic level military conferences / forums like IONS (Indian Ocean Naval Symposium). (xi) Nepalese contribution to IA. (xii) Military Martial Music Exchange Programs. (j) Convictions on Present Status of Indian Military Diplomacy in Lower Echelons. (i) Vast Indian military resource being deputed / employed without any dedicated thought / foresight in the future. (ii) Selection procedure for important foreign missions / assignments and preparation for appointments / roles not streamlined to meet national and military diplomatic objectives. (iii) Superficial handling of the matter by all concerned at the Integrated Headquarters of Ministry of Defense (IHQ of MOD) and non-accountability of officers or personnel on foreign assignments towards their contribution to the overall system during their tenures. (iv) Foreign assignments more focused and sought for personal financial gains and not oriented towards a national diplomatic effort. (v) Presently, individualistic approach is predominant in whatever lower level military diplomatic interactions take place at various forums. No dedicated thought or effort goes into addressing a particular nations community as a whole at lower level military interactions. No unified policy guides such good opportunities which are mostly informal yet influential, albeit sometimes would pay dividends after considerable period of time. (vi) Presently, no institutionalised training is imparted to handle such diplomatic opportunities by our lower level ambassadors. No objectives are defined by higher offices that should guide our actions when on such assignments. (vii) Despite a huge military diaspora fr om India contributing all over the globe as also when not being available for in country military service, this potential still remains untapped and non-channelized primarily because of the following. (aa) No defined policy / doctrine on the subject. (ab) No structure / mechanism in place to do the needful. (ac) Such a role not chartered to any existing organisations / military branch / directorate. (ad) Selection for assignments, and post employment not synchronous. (ae) Briefings debriefings by selected few desks in Military Intelligence (MI) / Service Duties (SD) Directorates usually a formality. (viii) System of time bound foreign assignment bans is purely mathematical and has merits and demerits in the existing practical aspects, however, for military diplomacy, non availability of an experienced person for a follow up assignment could actually prove detrimental to the larger scheme of things. CHAPTERISATION 11. It is proposed to study the subject in th e following manner. (a) Chapter-I. Introduction. (b) Chapter-II. Trace the advent of Military Diplomacy. (c) Chapter-III. Scope of exercising Military Diplomacy as part of overall National Diplomatic effort. (d) Chapter-IV. Various tools available to practice Military Diplomacy. (e) Chapter-V. Relevance of Military Diplomacy in Indian context and present status of implementation. (f) Chapter-VI. Present Status of Military Diplomacy at Lower Echelons. (g) Chapter-VII. Structures, processes and mechanisms required to address the issue. (h) Chapter-VIII. The way forward in the future. (j) Chapter-IX. Recommendations. (k) Chapter-X. Conclusion. CONCLUSION 12. There is certainly a need to address the issue of channelising the foreign assignees from the defense forces to perform their duties in accordance with a well defined policy / doctrine dictated by the overall national and military objectives. Military ambassadors at various levels serve as best t ool to exercise military diplomacy and to shape up the international opinion in our nations favour by reaching the roots of a foreign military and delivering the essence of Indias correct perspective. Practicing Military diplomacy should not be restricted only to higher echelons of political, diplomatic and military chairs, but should become a part and parcel of all state actors in whatever capacity they represent the nation state. Practicing state craft must become second nature to all military personnel in India and Military Diplomacy a common subject of mutual understanding. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Inculcation Of Lower Level Military Diplomacy International" essay for you Create order

Psychological Skills Training - 1838 Words

Psychological Skills Training What exactly is Psychological Skills Training and for a coach or instructor, what advantage is gained by its implementation? In other words, why bother? Psychological Skills Training (PST) is typically more comprehensive than a few short sessions with a few simple interventions that a coach or instructor might suggest. PST usually integrates cognitive and relaxation techniques in a more encompassing approach to mental training and as a complement to physical training. Individualism is a hallmark of most PST programs. (Gill, 2000) The Importance of Mental Skills Why are mental skills so important to performance and why are they often neglected by coaches and athletes? Yogi Berra has been quoted as†¦show more content†¦It is likely that the thinking of specific, detailed technique features that control physical movements would cause performance to worsen. This is because of the phenomenon known as cognitive interference (when one thinks of what they are doing when performing a highly skilled activity in a non-fatigued state, the thoughts interfere with the efficiency of automated skilled performance). When an athlete is fresh, task-relevant thinking should be limited to tactical and decision-making content (e.g., anticipation, recognition of relevant cues) and general capacity features such as smoothness, length, evenness, rhythm, etc. The detailed technique features of physical actions should be left to the automatic neuromuscular patterns that have been developed through training. However, at the onset of the next performance stage , which is usually signaled by the first hint of fatigue, it is necessary to begin to concentrate on specific, detailed technique thoughts along with other task-relevant items. This is required to avoid any accumulated fatigue causing a loss in technique efficiency. The transfer of control to conscious thinking about skilled activities should maintain performance efficiency and form. As a competition progresses and fatigue increases, task-relevant thinking should gradually include increasing amounts of specific technique content so that performance efficiency is sustained. PST – The Development Phase Coaches must assist theShow MoreRelatedSport Psychology: Analysis of Psychological Skills Training models with particular reference to Thomass (1990) model for performance enhancement.2092 Words   |  9 Pagesto establish what psychological factors produce the winning formula or to try to establish a profile of the successful athlete. Within the psychological framework attempts, to determine the ideal athletic personality have only been marginally successful (Morgan 1980, in White, 1993). 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Evolution of Management Thoughts Free Essays

The term ‘management’ is used extensively in business. It is the core or life giving element in business. We expect that a business unit should be managed efficiently. We will write a custom essay sample on Evolution of Management Thoughts or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is precisely what is done in management. Management is essential for the conduct of business activity in an orderly manner. It is a vital function concerned with all aspects of working of an enterprise.Current management theory and practice did not just eventuate. It evolved over many years. The evolution of the discipline of management has helped to develop a body of knowledge about the practice of management. The development of management thought is the result of contributions made by pioneering management thinkers and experts from other social sciences such as economics and psychology. In the next couple of decades, management theory and practice is bound to change in order to meet the complex and ever changing environmental variables. The phenomenal growth in multinational and transnational operations, fast changing technology, increasing complexity of decision making, dynamic social and economic environment, globalisation of business and elastic project organisations and task groups will significantly influence the future managerial world and managerial tasks. There are successful business and management leaders publishing their memories and offering their experience to the world. There is great increase in the number of business schools.Management education is bank ably providing expertise to nonage the business and this trend is likely to continue. Career paths are likely to be based on expertise alone. Managers will be under pressure to develop this expertise and apply it in an ever-widening range of situations rather than their ability to survive the bureaucratic jungle. They will have to combine their personal, professional and operational qualities and capacities to the satisfaction of employers and the soc iety. The future must be considered as an opportunity and not a problem. The future business environment will he dominated by information echnology (IT), globalisation, material and energy shortages, problems of pollution and ecological balance, consumerism, inflation and R amp; D. The costs of employing expert managers are regarded as an investment for effective business performance. Management is a designated expertise, increasingly professionalized and is likely to progress to a highly organised status. It is assumed that young people will choose management as an occupation and will progress from lower to middle and from middle to top management positions. An ever-greater range of knowledge is available to all aspects of business and management. How to cite Evolution of Management Thoughts, Papers

Things Fall Apart Essays (1362 words) - African Writers Series

Things Fall Apart The culture of the Umuofia society before the colonial infiltration, may be hard to understand but we are forced by Achebe to realize it has traditions and customs that make it work. Although, looking at it from our Judaeo-Christian point of view we may be appalled by some of their practices. We also have to realize that they have strengths. Things Fall apart is the idea of balance and interdependence, earth and sky, individual and community, man and woman or different perspectives on the same situation. The central image of this balance is contained in the Ibo concept of chi, which occurs throughout the novel. A persons chi is their destiny, his inner self, you wouldn't challenge your chi to a wrestling match, as did Okonkwo when he assisted in the killing of Ikemefuna, whom he loved and who called him father. Okonkwo sins not only against the earth goddess, protector of family relations, but also against his inner most feelings or his chi. Any bad luck that occurs, people of this c ulture would say that you have a bad chi. Okonkwo's destiny is marked by bad luck, one reason may be that he is so driven by the fear of resembling his father that he struggles to express part of his personality with predictably afflicted results. This was a society where a man was judged by his own achievement and not that of his fathers. Yams were the primary crop of Umuofia. A sign of manliness was if you could farm yams to feed your family. Okonkwo is respected because of his hard work. The complex patterns of Umuofia's economic and social customs materialize throughout this novel as we see Okonkwo compelled to rid himself of any similarities that his father had. Unoka had no titles, was lazy and when he died was greatly in debt. Some may wonder how a society like the Ibo's functioned, how they enforce its laws with no kings, no organized police force, and no standing army. Indeed this is something our modern culture could study. These things were accomplished through the functions of the masked spirits. The Egwugwu, represents the village's highest spiritual and judicial authority. The masked spirits are believed to represent their ancestors. This supports the myth The land of the living was not far removed from the domain of the ancestors. There was a coming and going between them, especially at festivals and also when an old man died because an old man was very close to the ancestors, as we saw when Ezeudu died. A man's life from birth to death was a series of transitional rites which brought him nearer and nearer to his ancestors. The Egwugwu is made up of the titled men of the village, they have legal, moral and religious authority. They have a working system of peace and order. this is demonstrated by t he trial of Uzowulu for beating his wife. They had a sense of community, the week of peace came at the end of the carefree season and before the harvest and planting season. During the week of peace Okonkwo broke the peace and was punished, as was the custom, by Ezeani, the priest of the earth goddess. He told Okonkwo, even though his wife was at may have been at fault, he committed a great evil. During the Week of Peace you are to live in complete peace no matter what the circumstances, the evil he did could ruin the whole clan. The feast of the New Yam is similar to our Thanksgiving, it was held every year before the harvest began, to honor the earth goddess and the ancestral spirits of the clan. The second day of the new year was the day of the great wrestling match between Okonkwo's village and their neighbors. Okonkwo's second wife Ekwefi, loved this festival. Many years ago when she was the village beauty, Okonkwo had won her heart by throwing the Cat in the greatest contest. She did not marry him then because he could not afford he bride price. In this culture they bargained over a bride price in Ekwefi's case it had been a cow, being a symbol of wealth